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The H II Regions’ Molecular Law of Star Formation

  • Authors: Daniela Calzetti, Drew Lapeer, Robert C. Kennicutt, Bruce Elmegreen, Sean T. Linden, Mark R. Krumholz, Angela Adamo, Daniel A. Dale, Karin Sandstrom, Giacomo Bortolini, Michele Cignoni, Matteo Correnti, Ana Duarte-Cabral, Helena Faustino Vieira, John S. Gallagher, Kathryn Grasha, Mark Heyer, Leslie K. Hunt, Kelsey E. Johnson, Ralf S. Klessen, Thomas S.-Y. Lai, Desika Narayanan, Göran Östlin, Alex Pedrini, Elena Sabbi, John-David T. Smith, Linda J. Smith, Monica Tosi, Varun Bajaj, Martha Boyer, Tony D. Weinbeck

Daniela Calzetti et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal 1008 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 12.

The SFR surface density as a function of the molecular gas surface density per freefall time for our star-forming regions (black circles with 1σ uncertainties) is compared with additional models from the literature. By construction, the models shown in both panels have slope = 1. (Left) The “local” model of B. G. Elmegreen (2018) (dark-red solid lines), which leaves the efficiency ϵff as a free parameter, adjusted to encompass the data as shown in the figure. (Right) The “local” single-freefall model of M. R. Krumholz et al. (2012, KDM+2012) is shown for ϵff = 0.01 (blue solid line) together with a scatter of ±0.15 dex (blue dashed lines) about the mean ϵff value, as predicted by M. R. Krumholz & C. F. McKee (2020). The “local” model of B. Burkhart & P. Mocz (2019), which adds a power-law tail to the density PDF of the gas, is shown for two choices of the sonic Mach number Ms and the turbulence forcing parameter b (dark-red solid lines), for exponent α = 2 of the power law: top-left line for Ms = 20 and b = 0.3 and bottom-right line for Ms = 50 and b = 0.7. The prediction from the model of D. M. Salim et al. (2015, SFK2015), already introduced in Figure 11, is also shown (purple solid line).

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