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A Cassini/CAPS Survey of Ionospheric Outflow at Saturn and Its Internal and External Drivers

  • Authors: M. Felici, L. C. Ray, S. V. Badman, O. Agiwal, L. Moore, H. T. Smith, R. J. Wilson, C. J. Martin, L. Gilbert, A. J. Coates, J. M. Jasinski, N. Achilleos, P. Valek, A. Mura

M. Felici et al 2026 The Planetary Science Journal 7 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 1.

Ionospheric outflow events mapped in Saturn’s magnetosphere in KSM coordinates. The 200 detections satisfying criteria (1)–(4) and the hemisphere-consistency and distance (<40 RS) criteria: left, XY plane (Saturn as seen from above) with average magnetopause from C. S. Arridge et al. (2006) and orbits of Enceladus (4 RS) and Titan (20 RS); middle, XZ plane (dawn-side view); right, YZ plane (sunward view). Indicated with star is the subset of detections with potential ﹩{{{\rm{H}}}_{3}}^{+}﹩ in the TOF composition, besides H+ and m/q = 2. Color scale is ﹩{\mathrm{log}}_{10}(nv)﹩ in m−2 s−1.

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