Orbital variability of the total injection rates, expressed in atoms m⁻³ s⁻¹, of ablated Fe estimated by the CABMOD–MIF model as a function of the height and Venusian latitude for the most relevant orbital positions: the first crossing of the ecliptic plane (panel (a), L_S = 18°), the minimum vertical distance from the ecliptic plane from the first crossing of the ecliptic plane (panel (b), L_S = 108°), the second crossing of the ecliptic plane (panel (c), L_S = 108°), and perihelion (panel (d), L_S = 254°). An animation of the ablation rates of CO₂, Na, Fe, and Al as a function of altitude and latitude is available; the animation cycles through all solar longitudes, starting from aphelion L_S = 73°, going to L_S = 0°, and then to L_S = 73°.

(An animation of this figure is available in the online article.)

(An animation of this figure is available.)

The video/animation of this figure is available in the online journal.