Seasonally evolving vertical profiles of the modeled discharge diagnostics during the MY 34 dust season. Panel (a) shows the self-consistent electric field E_z, panel (b) shows the effective breakdown field E_b, panel (c) shows the ratio E_z/E_b, and panel (d) shows the effective conductivity σ. Curves are colored by solar longitude L_s, and the dashed line in panel (c) marks the nominal breakdown threshold E_z/E_b = 1. The figure focuses on the lowest 70 km of the atmosphere, where triboelectric source generation, conductivity suppression, and breakdown-favorable conditions interact most strongly.