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Flyby-induced Second Accretion as a Pathway to Giant Planets Around M Dwarfs

  • Authors: Shunjing Zhao, Xian Shi, Hanlun Lei, Hongping Deng, Xing Lu, Man-To Hui, Guiyu Wang, Jianchun Shi

Shunjing Zhao et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1008 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure A1.

Two-dimensional simulations of the hyperbolic flyby of an M dwarf system with v∞ = 3 km s−1 through a protoplanetary disk. The total mass of the protoplanetary disk is 0.12 M⊙, with a 1 M⊙ central star. Four sets of parameters are considered as initial conditions: Rd = 100 au, M⋆ = 0.1M⊙, d = 90 au; and Rd = 100 au, M⋆ = 0.2M⊙, d = 90 au; others are similar to Figure 2.

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