Image Details
Caption: Figure 5.
Probability of giant planet formation via the FISA mechanism for different masses and dust-to-gas ratios of the second-generation disk. All fixed parameters follow the setup of the corresponding 0.2 M⊙ M dwarf case as in Figure 3(c). Three dust-to-gas ratios of 0.5%, 1%, and 2% are considered. The probabilities are obtained by scanning a parameter space of the initial orbital distance and formation time of a protoplanet in the first-generation disk.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.