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TTV-not-so-fast: Uniqueness and Degeneracy in Perturbing Planet Parameters

  • Authors: Caleb Lammers, Joshua N. Winn

Caleb Lammers and Joshua N. Winn 2026 The Astronomical Journal 171 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 8.

Kepler-725. Left panel: TTVs from the catalog of T. Holczer et al. (2016) and from our reanalysis of the Kepler data. Right panel: χ2 vs. period ratio for searches performed on the two sets of TTV data. Our more deliberate analysis of the transits led to slight modifications in the times and uncertainties. Although small, these changes significantly affect the TTV solution landscape, invalidating the mild preference for the 5:1 solution (L. Sun et al. 2025). More broadly, caution is advised when interpreting mild preferences, due to the sensitivity of TTV solutions to timing outliers and uncertainties.

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