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21,864 Unresolved, Low-mass Binaries Identified via Their Overluminosity in Gaia Data Release 3 and a Catalog of 347,440 Systems within 100 pc of the Sun

  • Authors: Zachary Way, Sébastien Lépine, Jonathan Gagné, Ilija Medan

Zachary Way et al 2026 The Astronomical Journal 171 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 6.

Predictions from our terminal model (iteration 40) for the 164,297 K and M stars within 100 pc described in Section 3.4. Top left panel: precision of the predicted color. Top right panel: precision of the predicted absolute magnitude. With our model trained only on the single stars, a clear group of systems lies above the main distribution. The red dashed line lies at half of the magnitude offset expected from an equal-mass system (−2.5 log10(2)/2 ≈ 0.376) and is our adopted cutoff to label stars as “overluminous.” The sources below this limit have predicted magnitudes similar to those that are measured, which we dub “normoluminous.” Center left panel: Gaia CMD of the normoluminous systems. Center right panel: Gaia CMD of the overluminous systems. Bottom left panel: The combined Gaia CMDs of the normoluminous and overluminous systems are plotted together. Bottom right panel: Gaia CMD of the sample colored by the fraction of stars that are overluminous. There is significant overlap in the main sequence at MG − AG ∼ 10. Note that the fraction overluminous color map is nonlinear.

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