Masses and radii of the TOI-4495 planets and other planets with measured precision > 3σ from the NASA Exoplanet Archive (J. L. Christiansen et al. 2025). Both axes are shown in log scale. Theoretical mass–radius relationships for pure-iron, pure-rock, and Earth-like compositions are shown in black, blue, and brown, respectively (L. Zeng et al. 2016). TOI-4495 b is consistent with either possessing a thin H/He envelope comprising 0.2%–0.6% of its total mass (black dotted lines) or being an ocean world with a water mass fraction of approximately 40% (light blue; A. Aguichine et al. 2021). TOI-4495 c is consistent with hosting a more substantial H/He envelope, accounting for 7%–10% of its total mass.