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Hybrid-kinetic Simulations of Ion Heating in Alfvénic Turbulence

  • Authors: Lev Arzamasskiy, Matthew W. Kunz, Benjamin D. G. Chandran, and Eliot Quataert

2019 The Astrophysical Journal 879 53.

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 10.

Time evolution from the ﹩{\beta }_{{\rm{i}}0}=0.3﹩ run of the ratios of (blue line) parallel-to-perpendicular particle energy, ﹩\langle {v}_{\parallel }^{2}\rangle /\langle {v}_{\perp }^{2}/2\rangle ﹩, and (red line) parallel-to-perpendicular best-fit bi-Maxwellian temperatures, ﹩{T}_{\parallel }^{\mathrm{core}}/{T}_{\perp }﹩. In the latter, ﹩{T}_{\parallel }^{\mathrm{core}}﹩ describes only the thermal core of the parallel distribution function, excluding the nonthermal wings. (Recall that ﹩{\boldsymbol{v}}﹩ includes both the bulk and thermal velocities of the ion particles; “∥” and “⊥” are measured with respect to the magnetic field at the location of each particle.)

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