Panel (a) shows the orbital and latitudinal average of the vertical profiles of the ablation rates (in atoms m⁻³ s⁻¹) for the main meteoric ablated constituents estimated by CABMOD–MIF. These ablation rates are then separated into neutral (panel (b)) and ionized (panel (c)) compounds. Panel (d) shows the ratio of neutral to ionized compounds, indicating that ionization is dominant above 119 km of altitude for most of the meteoric components, especially for alkali metals such as Na and K (solid blue and gray lines).