Geometric relationships between the centrifugal equator of the Jovian plasma sheet and Europa depicted at one of the maximum displacements between the magnetic and planetographic equators. Ω_m is the magnetic field north pole axis, offset by east longitude. R is Europa’s instantaneous orbital distance from Jupiter. Parameter r is the distance along the planetographic equator that minimizes the length of the hypotenuse d of the right triangle with legs z(r) and (R − r). This corresponds to the ray perpendicular to the centrifugal equator that intersects Europa and minimizes the distance between Europa and the centrifugal equator. Based on Z. Milby et al. (2024), Figure 3. Europa scaled up by a factor of 5.