Projected obliquities and inclinations of HJs from our simulations. The x-axis shows the final projected mutual inclination between the two planets in the system, while the y-axis shows the projected stellar obliquity of the inner planet. Panel (a) shows results for HJs with final semimajor axes a_f < 0.035 au. Panels (b) and (c) show results for 0.035 au < a_f < 0.045 au and a_f > 0.045 au, respectively. The measured orbital properties of HD 118203 b and HAT-P-2 b are shown in panel (c). Each panel exhibits a distinct distribution in projected obliquity–inclination space.