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JWST Unveils a High Mean Molecular Weight Atmosphere for Mini-Neptune TOI-1130 b: Evidence for Formation Beyond the Water Ice Line

  • Authors: Saugata Barat, Tyler Fairnington, Shelby Courreges, Chelsea Huang, Andrew Vanderburg, Caroline V. Morley, Judith Korth, Hannu Parviainen, Alexis Brandeker, George Zhou, Thomas M. Evans-Soma, Lizhou Sha, Douglas N. C. Lin, Duncan Wright, Ava Morrissey, Emma Nabbie, Karen A. Collins, Phil Evans, Tristan Guillot, Keith Horne, Don J. Radford, Richard P. Schwarz, Avi Shporer, Gregorg Srdoc, Olga Suarez

Saugata Barat et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1002 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 4.

The transmission spectrum of TOI-1130 b observed with JWST/NIRISS and NIRSpec with best-fit models (100 × solar, a 0.3 C/O ratio, and Kzz = 1010 cm−2 gm−1) from the PICASO grid (Section 4.4). A Rayleigh slope and sulfur boost has been added to fit the observations. The best model reduced χ2 is 2.53. We also different haze models: Titan-like tholins (B. N. Khare et al. 1984), comet-like ice tholins (B. N. Khare et al. 1993), soot (P. Lavvas & T. Koskinen 2017), and Saturn-like phosphorus hazes (N. Noy et al. 1981). A comparison between these models is shown in Table 4.

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