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CAPERS-LRD-z9: A Gas-enshrouded Little Red Dot Hosting a Broad-line Active Galactic Nucleus at z = 9.288

  • Authors: Anthony J. Taylor, Vasily Kokorev, Dale D. Kocevski, Hollis B. Akins, Fergus Cullen, Mark Dickinson, Steven L. Finkelstein, Pablo Arrabal Haro, Volker Bromm, Mauro Giavalisco, Kohei Inayoshi, Stéphanie Juneau, Gene C. K. Leung, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Rachel S. Somerville, Jonathan R. Trump, Ricardo O. Amorín, Guillermo Barro, Denis Burgarella, Madisyn Brooks, Adam C. Carnall, Caitlin M. Casey, Yingjie Cheng, John Chisholm, Katherine Chworowsky, Kelcey Davis, Callum T. Donnan, James S. Dunlop, Richard S. Ellis, Vital Fernández, Seiji Fujimoto, Norman A. Grogin, Ansh R. Gupta, Nimish P. Hathi, Intae Jung, Michaela Hirschmann, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Anton M. Koekemoer, Rebecca L. Larson, Ho-Hin Leung, Mario Llerena, Ray A. Lucas, Derek J. McLeod, Ross McLure, Lorenzo Napolitano, Casey Papovich, Thomas M. Stanton, Roberta Tripodi, Xin Wang, Stephen M. Wilkins, L. Y. Aaron Yung, Jorge A. Zavala

Anthony J. Taylor et al 2025 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 989 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 6.

Redshifts and black hole masses of CAPERS-LRD-z9 (red star; canonical errors are shown in black, systematic upper and lower limits are shown in gray), populations of z ≳ 6 quasars (small blue points; K. Inayoshi et al. 2020; X. Fan et al. 2023; R. Maiolino et al. 2024), notable massive z > 6 spectroscopically confirmed BLAGN (filled symbols; V. Kokorev et al. 2023; R. L. Larson et al. 2023; L. J. Furtak et al. 2024; R. Tripodi et al. 2024; H. B. Akins et al. 2025a; X. Lin et al. 2025; R. P. Naidu et al. 2025), and the highest-redshift AGN detected through X-ray emission and high-ionization UV emission lines, respectively (open symbols; A. J. Bunker et al. 2023; A. D. Goulding et al. 2023; O. E. Kovács et al. 2024; L. Napolitano et al. 2024). We also show the growth of 102 M (blue shading) and 104 M (red shading) black hole seeds growing at the Eddington limit. We also show the growth track of a 102 M stellar remnant formed at z = 30 that starts accreting at 1.85× the Eddington limit 100 Myr after formation (dark blue dashed curve). CAPERS-LRD-z9’s black hole is too massive to be the result of an Eddington-limited stellar seed; thus, a stellar remnant light seed undergoing periods of super-Eddington accretion or a heavy seed are necessary to produce CAPERS-LRD-z9’s black hole by z = 9.288.

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