Image Details
Caption: Figure 6.
Size (i.e., effective radius) and stellar mass surface density (Σ*) of the clumps and star clusters in the Cosmic Spear compared with star clusters observed in galaxies at high redshift and nearby Universe: BulletArc-z11 (M. Bradač et al. 2025), Misty Moon (M. Nakane et al. 2025), Cosmic Gems (A. Adamo et al. 2024), Firefly Sparkler (L. Mowla et al. 2024), Cosmic Archipelago (combined clumps analyzed by M. Messa et al. 2025 and A. Bolamperti et al. 2026), Cosmic Grapes (S. Fujimoto et al. 2025), Sunrise (E. Vanzella et al. 2023), Sunburst (T. E. Rivera-Thorsen et al. 2019), local YSCs (G. Brown & O. Y. Gnedin 2021), GCs in the Milky Way (H. Baumgardt & M. Hilker 2018), and NSCs (I. Y. Georgiev et al. 2009; P. Erwin & D. A. Gadotti 2012; N. Neumayer et al. 2020).
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.