Image Details
Caption: Figure 7.
Distribution of spin–orbit angles ΨAb for simulations that plausibly reproduce the present-day orbit (1 <tHN < 10 Gyr) among the 18,000 simulations. The green shaded region indicates the 3σ confidence interval for the observed spin–orbit angle ﹩{{\rm{\Psi }}}_{\mathrm{Ab}}=103.^\circ {2}_{-11.^\circ 5}^{+12.^\circ 6}﹩ (V. Bourrier et al. 2022).
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.