Image Details

Choose export citation format:

Observational and Dynamical Constraints on an Unseen Outer Perturber in the GJ 436 Hot Neptune System

  • Authors: Haedam Im, 해담 임, Tiger Lu, 均 陆, Malena Rice, Quang H. Tran, Gongjie Li, Smadar Naoz

Haedam Im et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal 1003 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 5.

ZLK simulation results in acmc (left) and mcec space (right). Each point represents one companion configuration tested across 18 different initial conditions. Blue points indicate companion configurations where ZLK migration is too slow (tHN > 10 Gyr) for all 18 initial conditions. Gray points show mixed failure conditions where ZLK migration either is too slow (tHN > 10 Gyr), is too fast (tHN < 1 Gyr), or causes GJ 436 b to reach the Roche limit (ab < aR). Green points represent plausible configurations for which at least one of the 18 suites reproduces the present-day orbit. For each plausible companion configuration, only one to three of the 18 initial condition suites plausibly reproduce the present-day orbit.

Other Images in This Article
Copyright and Terms & Conditions

Additional terms of reuse