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Wave–Particle Interaction in the Upstream of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection Shocks

  • Authors: Shanwlee Sow Mondal, Aveek Sarkar, Sofiane Bourouaine

Shanwlee Sow Mondal et al 2025 The Astrophysical Journal 987 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 4.

Scatterplot illustrating the data distribution in the proton temperature anisotropy ratio and plasma β∣∣ plane. Data points with and without PSD peaks are indicated by gray and blue points, respectively. The overlaid curves are thresholds for the proton cyclotron (black), parallel firehose (blue), Alfvén firehose (red), and mirror (magenta) instabilities. As shown in the plot, some of the data points with PSD peaks hint toward possible activation of proton-cyclotron and parallel firehose instabilities.

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