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Data-driven Modeling of Telluric Features and Stellar Variability with StellarSpectraObservationFitting.jl

  • Authors: Christian Gilbertson, Eric B. Ford, Samuel Halverson, Evan Fitzmaurice, Cullen H. Blake, Gumundur Stefánsson, Suvrath Mahadevan, Jason T. Wright, Jacob K. Luhn, Joe P. Ninan, Paul Robertson, Arpita Roy, Christian Schwab, Ryan C. Terrien

Christian Gilbertson et al 2026 The Astronomical Journal 172 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 11.

Top: the final RV reduction of ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}}﹩ (blue) for HD 26965 combining the velocity measurements from 87 SSOF order models resulting in a 46% smaller SMP and 14% lower RV rms when compared to the NEID DRP’s CCF-based RVs (﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\rm{NEID}}}﹩; green) and a similar SMP and RV rms when compared to SERVAL’s template-matching RVs (﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\rm{SERV\; AL}}}﹩, orange). Another SSOF RV reduction, ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}(5,5)}﹩ (purple), is shown that was constructed using a SSOF(5,5) model for every order, regardless of AIC. ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}(5,5)}﹩ had a rms of 2.1 m s−1, even lower than ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}}﹩. All RV time series are shown with their corresponding 1σ error bars. Bottom left: the residual time series for ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\rm{SERV\; AL}}}﹩ (orange), ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\rm{NEID}}}﹩ (green), and several other versions of ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}}﹩. The residuals between ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\rm{NEID}}}﹩ and ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}}﹩ are similar to a time-shifted version of the measured Ca II H&K variations (see Figure 13). Interestingly, ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}(5,5)}-{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}}﹩ (purple) is also strikingly similar to the measured Ca II H&K variations (see Figure 13). The ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}({K}_{\oplus },0)}﹩ reduction (brown) was constructed using the AIC-minimum SSOF model without stellar variability for every order. Only a few SSOF models used in ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}}﹩ used stellar variability so ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}({K}_{\oplus },0)}﹩ is practically indistinguishable to ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}}﹩. The ﹩{v}_{\star }^{{\mathtt{SSOF}}(0,0)}﹩ reduction (light turquoise) was constructed using the AIC-minimum SSOF model without any variability for every order. Somewhat surprisingly given the amount of telluric variability measured by SSOF, this only adds 20 cm s−1of variability, but this is because many more orders are rejected (only 68 orders are kept). Bottom right: the residual time series for the highlighted SSOF order models. The residual velocities from the KO (pink) are consistent with white noise. The residual velocities from the H2O and O2 separating (dark orange), Ca II H&K (seafoam green), Mg triplet and MgH band (light green), and H-alpha (light blue) orders are largely consistent with white noise, excluding an interesting shared deviation between JD 2459520-2459580.

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