The spatial distribution of various external heat fluxes Q in the BT crater at the LLT of 8.0337. Panels (a)–(b) present the thermal radiation from Earth flux I_OLR and the scattered solar radiation from Earth flux I_scat, respectively. Panel (c) shows the direct solar radiation flux Q_Sun, the primary heating source, while panel (d) displays the scattered radiation flux Q_scat, reflecting the energy redistribution influenced by the terrain.