Spatial distribution of regolith temperature T_s at the central location of the study area at different LLTs. Panels (a)–(c) do not consider the effect of SSRTEE, and correspond to LLTs 08:02, 10:36, and 12:20, respectively. Panels (d)–(f) consider SSRTEE, and correspond to the same time points in panels (a)–(c). Panels (g)–(i) present the temperature differences corresponding to the time pairs (a)–(d), (b)–(e), and (c)–(f), respectively. The contour map reflects variations in different elevation values.