Direction distributions of (a) solar wind protons, (b) planetary oxygen ions, (c) solar wind hydrogen ENAs, and (d) planetary oxygen ENAs precipitating in the subsolar region (SZA < 10^∘), in VSE coordinates. The maps show the directional flux as a function of the view direction, looking from the subsolar point of the exobase. The Sun is in the zenith, marked by the star, Venus’s limb is the red circle, and the white circles indicate the latitude and longitude lines of Venus. E₀ shows the direction of the convection magnetic field.