Image Details
Caption: Figure 7.
Modeling the dynamical evolution of the canonical Eulalia family with the center ac = 2.475 au. This solution used the bulk density ρ = 1.3 g cm−3, the surface thermal inertia Γ = 200 SI units, and the variable YORP timescale τ0 = 1 My. The best match to the data (left panel) is obtained for T = 785 My and v5 = 32 m s−1 (recall that the characteristic initial ejection velocity is vej(D) = v5 (5 km/D) in meters per second). The vertical dashed line in the left panel shows the C⋆-value, though our data (black symbols with formal uncertainties) continue formally farther due to finite bin size. This solution provides a significant amount of D ≤ 3 km fragments directly injected to the J3:1 (right panel). Still, they represent ≃22% of the uncorrected population of fragments reaching the J3:1 in total. Both ordinates are calibrated to the adopted family identification without correcting for incompleteness.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.