Image Details
Caption: Figure 8.
Four diagnostics of electron bombardment on Europa’s leading hemisphere: (a) total deposited-energy flux, (b) deposited-energy fraction, (c) mean secondary-electron energy, and (d) e-folding (≈63%) deposition depth. Cells with no electron flux in the relevant energy range are shown in gray.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.