Depth-resolved deposited-dose rates from electron bombardment in Europa’s near-surface ice of density = 0.5 g cm⁻³, shown for three nominal latitudes centered on the prime meridians of the (a) leading and (b) trailing hemispheres. Dose rates are plotted as a function of depth for latitudes 3°, 33°, and 63°. Colored bands indicate the 1σ event-level spread in deposited dose propagated across the simulated incident-electron-energy spectrum.