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Short-range Forces Can Catalyze Extreme Orbital Evolution in Hierarchical Triples

  • Authors: Ygal Y. Klein, Chris Hamilton

Ygal Y. Klein and Chris Hamilton 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1007 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 15.

Maximum single-cycle jump in the Kozai constant, ﹩{\rm{\max }}| {\rm{\Delta }}{C}_{{\rm{K}}}| ﹩ (35), versus ﹩({P}_{{\rm{out}}}/{P}_{{\rm{\sec }}})/{j}_{{\rm{\min }}}^{{\rm{DA}}}﹩ for two strong-tide families (circles and squares; tidal strength εTide and outer eccentricity e2 as labeled), each scanned over the inner-orbit inclination through jz (both signs). Color encodes ∣jz∣, and the legend lists the corresponding DA minimum angular momentum ﹩{j}_{{\rm{\min }}}^{{\rm{DA}}}﹩; all systems have CK = 10−6, Ω = 180, and pure tidal short-range forcing (εGR = εRot = 0), isolating the tidal-bulge effect. The dashed line is ∣ΔCK∣ = 5/2.

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