The time evolution of ﹩{\mathrm{log}}_{10}(1-e)﹩, C_K, and j_z for the Sun–Neptune system of Section 3.2, and choosing the initial outer mean anomaly to be ﹩{M}_{2}=117\mathop{.}\limits^{^\circ }3﹩. Precession due to the tidal bulge is the only SRF. Only the single-averaged results are shown, since here the DA results with and without SRFs are indistinguishable. Red curves include the tide (+SRF), blue curves do not, and the dashed line in panel (c) marks j_z = 0.