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Star Formation Drives Production of Low-energy Cosmic Rays

  • Authors: Ningyu Tang, Jiahao Liu, Di Li, Ruizhi Yang, Thomas G. Bisbas, Bing Liu, Marko Krčo, Paul Goldsmith, Paola Caselli, Sihan Jiao, Yan Gong, Gan Luo, Xinwen Shu, Liangchong Zhu, Xiaohui Sun, Chen Wang, Tao-Chung Ching, Donghui Quan, Junzhi Wang, Xuejian Jiang, Pei Zuo

Ningyu Tang et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1005 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 6.

Distribution of the ratio between the LECRIR derived under the steady-state assumption and that derived for finite chemical ages (Equation (7)), shown as a function of gas number density n0 and HINSA abundance x(HINSA). The upper and lower panels correspond to chemical ages of t = 1 Myr and t = 7 Myr, respectively. White regions indicate NaN values, where the HINSA abundance cannot be reproduced under the steady-state assumption.

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