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Ionizing Photon Production Efficiencies and Chemical Abundances at Cosmic Dawn Revealed by Ultradeep Rest-frame Optical Spectroscopy of JADES-GS-z14-0

Authors: Jakob M. Helton, Jane E. Morrison, Kevin N. Hainline, Francesco D'Eugenio, George H. Rieke, Stacey Alberts, Stefano Carniani, Joel Leja, Yijia Li, 轶佳李, Pierluigi Rinaldi, Jan Scholtz, Meredith Stone, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Zihao Wu, William M. Baker, Andrew J. Bunker, Stephane Charlot, Jacopo Chevallard, Nikko J. Cleri, Mirko Curti, Emma Curtis-Lake, Eiichi Egami, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Peter Jakobsen, Zhiyuan Ji, Benjamin D. Johnson, Nimisha Kumari, Xiaojing Lin, Jianwei Lyu, Roberto Maiolino, Michael Maseda, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Marcia J. Rieke, Brant Robertson, Aayush Saxena, Fengwu Sun, Sandro Tacchella, Hannah Übler, Giacomo Venturi, Christina C. Williams, Chris Willott, Joris Witstok, Yongda Zhu

Jakob M. Helton et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1004 .

Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 6.

Standard strong-line diagnostics with O₃₂ versus R₃ and R₂₃. Both panels: these emission line diagnostics are commonly used to infer gas-phase metallicity with R₃ and R₂₃ and ionization parameter with O₃₂. We show the same three samples of star-forming galaxies at z > 3 from Figure 4. We also show brown vertical lines of constant metallicity and brown horizontal lines of constant ionization parameter. No dust corrections have been applied to any of these galaxies. We find that JADES-GS-z14-0 and the other three galaxies at z > 10 are characterized by extreme ionization conditions and relatively high metallicities, indicating rapid metal enrichment. Simulations struggle to reproduce these results (see the discussion in Section 7).

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