Performance example of GRANDWin on simulated data with five RFI intensity levels, using 2 s solution intervals and a negative z-score threshold in logarithmic scale for TP and FP rate. The bottom row shows the F1 score, which quantifies overall detection effectiveness. The vertical red dashed line marks the selected threshold at ∣z∣ < 10. This evaluation highlights the trade-off between sensitivity and FP across different RFI intensities.