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Segmenting Superbubbles in a Simulated Multiphase Interstellar Medium Using Computer Vision

  • Authors: Jing-Wen Chen, Alex S. Hill, Anna Ordog, Rebecca A. Booth, Mohamed S. Shehata

Jing-Wen Chen et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal 1004 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 7.

Three-dimensional density plots visualizing the evolution of the tracked superbubble SB 230 (opaque) from its initial explosion through 30 Myr of its lifetime. The first frame in this illustration corresponds to the same time slice (t = 209 Myr) depicted from various viewing angles in Figure 3. The bubble transitions from an initial spherical shape to a more complex structure, developing multiple tunnels that facilitate matter outflow into neighboring regions and the upper halo. This evolution highlights the capability of our computer vision-based model in accurately tracking the full superbubble evolution trajectory. An interactive version of this figure is available. The 3D density visualization shows the tracked superbubble SB 230 and its surrounding hot gas at 213 Myr, with markers indicating supernova (SN) injection locations. The interactive 3D cube (ranging from −500 to +500 pc, equivalent to 0–256 pixels along each axis) allows users to explore the bubble from different viewing angles. The colors represent the number density in logarithmic units (﹩{\mathrm{log}}(n/{{\rm{cm}}}^{-3})﹩). The K3D control panel enables adjustment of the opacity and point size for three object sets: the hot gas cube, the SB 230 superbubble and the SN injection markers, allowing clearer visualization. By default, the hot gas layer is rendered semitransparent to emphasize the structure of SB 230 (opacity = 1).

(An interactive version of this figure is available in the online article.)

(An interactive version of this figure is available.)

An interactive version of this figure is available in the online journal.

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