The velocity factor in ΛCDM (top panel) and the residual velocity in MOND (bottom panel) as a function of baryonic mass. Data and symbols as in Figure 3. The gray region illustrates where each theory gets it wrong. In ΛCDM, rich clusters of galaxies behave as expected, but explaining other systems requires ﹩{f}_{v}\propto {M}_{b}^{-1/12}﹩ (Equation (15)). In MOND, we see the opposite effect: the observed baryons predict the correct velocity over the range 5 × 10⁵ ≤ M_b < 10¹³ M_⊙, but falls short for larger masses, explaining only ∼80% of the velocity in clusters.