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NOEMA Observations of the Center of M33: A Parsec-scale Molecular Filament and an Ordered Gas–Star Formation Sequence

  • Authors: Zongnan Li, Zhiyuan Li, Gan Luo, Sheng-Yuan Liu, Sihan Jiao, Fanyi Meng, Zhiyuan Ren, Daisuke Iono, Jiachang Zhang, Di Li, Chao-Wei Tsai, Jongsoo Kim

Zongnan Li et al 2026 The Astronomical Journal 172 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure A2.

Why a reliable SoFiA source can appear absent from a directly clipped moment map. Top: SoFiA-masked moment 0 and the native-cube local 3σ moment map, displayed with a common linear scale. Colored outlines mark three representative SoFiA footprints. Bottom: footprint-averaged native spectra (gray steps) and three-channel running means (colored curves). Colored bands show each source’s SoFiA velocity span and gray horizontal bands show the footprint-averaged rms. The integrated S/N is measured by SoFiA over the 3D source mask; the quoted local 3σ percentage is the fraction of the 2D footprint retained by the direct consecutive-channel clip. Spatial and spectral averaging reveals coherent lines even where few individual native pixels pass the per-channel threshold.

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