Image Details
Caption: Figure 3.
Validation loss during SMDET training (Section 3). This loss was calculated on a held-out validation dataset to estimate its performance on unseen data. The x-axis represents millions of processed minibatches. The series depict object mask (yobj) loss, segmentation mask (yseg) loss, and their average that we used for model updates.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.