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The McDonald Accelerating Stars Survey: Architecture of the Ancient Five-planet Host System Kepler-444

  • Authors: Zhoujian Zhang, 张周健, Brendan P. Bowler, Trent J. Dupuy, Timothy D. Brandt, G. Mirek Brandt, William D. Cochran, Michael Endl, Phillip J. MacQueen, Kaitlin M. Kratter, Howard T. Isaacson, Kyle Franson, Adam L. Kraus, Caroline V. Morley, Yifan Zhou

Zhoujian Zhang et al 2023 The Astronomical Journal 165 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 7.

Top left: predicted relative astrometry between A and BC components of 1000 randomly drawn orbits from the MCMC chains with positive ΔRVBC−A,ref, color-coded by eccentricity. We overlay 1000 randomly drawn orbits from the MCMC chains with negative ΔRVBC−A,ref and show them in gray. Similar to Figure 4, we use the black solid line to show the best-fit orbit solution with ΔRVBC−A,ref > 0 and use two white circles to mark the ascending (labeled) and descending nodes, connected via a dashed line. We place Kepler-444 A (black star) at ZPs and overlay the observed relative astrometry of BC (orange circles) that occupies the orbital arc at the bottom right. Top right: predicted RVs of Kepler-444 A of the randomly drawn orbits (as shown in the top left panel). Orbits with positive ΔRVBC−A,ref are color-coded by eccentricities, while those with negative ΔRVBC−A,ref are shown in gray, scaled to the same RV ZP. The black solid line shows predictions from the best-fit orbit, overlaid with the observed relative RVs of Kepler-444 A (purple, blue, and brown circles) color-coded by instruments in the same fashion as the bottom left panel in Figure 5. Bottom: the same format as in the top panel, but we show the orbital solution with negative ΔRVBC−A,ref in colors coded by eccentricities and those with positive ΔRVBC−A,ref in gray.

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