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The McDonald Accelerating Stars Survey: Architecture of the Ancient Five-planet Host System Kepler-444

  • Authors: Zhoujian Zhang, 张周健, Brendan P. Bowler, Trent J. Dupuy, Timothy D. Brandt, G. Mirek Brandt, William D. Cochran, Michael Endl, Phillip J. MacQueen, Kaitlin M. Kratter, Howard T. Isaacson, Kyle Franson, Adam L. Kraus, Caroline V. Morley, Yifan Zhou

Zhoujian Zhang et al 2023 The Astronomical Journal 165 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 6.

Posteriors of our orbit analysis of Kepler-444 without including the observed BC−A relative RV. The corresponding credible intervals and the best-fit values of these parameters are listed in Table 6. Fitted parameters are shown as the y-axis in the first eight rows of the corner plot, and the y-axis of the last row presents ΔRVBC−A,ref, which is the calculated BC−A relative RV at the epoch of 2,456,783.1 JD (i.e., the mean epoch of our observed ΔRVBC−A value; Section 3.4). There are two families of orbital solutions, with one predicting positive ΔRVBC−A,ref values and the other predicting negative ΔRVBC−A,ref values. These two families of solutions have symmetric a, e, and i posteriors against ΔRVBC−A,ref = 0, but their Ω, ω , and λ ref,⋆ posteriors are bimodal, suggesting completely different three-dimensional orientations. The MCMC chains with ΔRVBC−A,ref ≈ −3.1 km s−1 (horizontal dashed line) correspond to our fitted orbits in Section 4. At the top right, we show that the two families of solutions with different signs of ΔRVBC−A,ref have comparable posterior probabilities, although their MCMC sample sizes are very different.

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