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Coronal Conditions for the Occurrence of Type II Radio Bursts

  • Authors: Athanasios Kouloumvakos, Alexis Rouillard, Alexander Warmuth, Jasmina Magdalenic, Immanuel. C. Jebaraj, Gottfried Mann, Rami Vainio, and Christian Monstein

2021 The Astrophysical Journal 913 99.

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 5.

Temporal evolution of the (a) MA, (b) Mfm, (c) compression ratio, and (d) θBN obtained in the shock wave modeling. The resultant time-varying distribution characteristics (mean, median, and first/third quartile and decile values) of the shock parameters are also plotted in each panel. The mean is depicted with the blue lines, the median with black lines, the first/third quartile with the red shaded area, and the decile values are shown with the vertical bars. In panel (a) we also show the time history of the soft X-ray flux (green line), and in panel (d) we show the fraction of closed or open field lines to the total number of field lines connected to the shock surface.

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