Mean charge states of Fe in particles escaping into the interplanetary medium (diamonds), in particles registered near the shock (plus signs), and in particles far downstream from the shock (histogram). The symbols correspond to model 2. The histogram is for the particle escape at a fixed distance (10⁴ km) downstream from the shock. In Figs. 2–4, the density normalization is nominal (﹩\rho =1﹩).