(a) InSight IFG data are represented in LL coordinates: B_north, B_east, and B_south. Time series are linearly detrended to visually represent all three components on the same panel, and the background field is approximately [−1356, 1169, −923] nT. (b) MAVEN MAG data are rotated from the MSO coordinates to the LL coordinates. (c) InSight and MAVEN X–Y position during the conjunction time period in MSO. The dark red line represents the full magnetotail transit X–Y position for MAVEN. The thick black bar for InSight and MAVEN shows the X–Y position during the magnetotail flapping event. (d) Approximate LL coordinate system at ∼17:15 UTC and the MSO coordinate system.