Initial simulation setup in the inertial reference frame of Swiftest (C. Wishard et al. 2023). Here we show regolith ejection from the long axis in the equatorial plane. The orange ellipsoid is the equatorial plane of the Centaur when seen top-down (x–y plane, z-axis out of the page). Regolith particles, represented by the black dots on the right, are ejected from the surface of the Centaur in the equatorial plane with r being the position vector. The blue arrow (v_rot) shows the centrifugal correction from the noninertial rotating frame of the Centaur. The green arrow (v_ejection) is the ejection velocity of the regolith that we test and vary. The black arrow (v_initial) is the net velocity vector of the regolith. The Centaur’s rotation rate denoted by ω is assumed to be around the z-axis in the x–y plane (out of the page).