Image Details
Caption: Figure 3.
Calibrated electron velocity moments for the same time period as shown in Figure 2. The panels are as follows: (a) ne,WAVES (derived from fuh) [cm−3]; (b) the zeroth velocity moment, ne,int [cm−3]; (c) the total electron temperature, Te,tot [eV]; (d) the electron temperature anisotropy, Ae [N/A]; (e) the signed, normalized parallel electron heat flux, ﹩\tfrac{| {q}_{e,\parallel }| }{{q}_{\mathrm{eo}}}﹩ [%]. The last panel is shown as a percentage rather than a fraction, where ﹩\tfrac{| {q}_{e,\parallel }| }{{q}_{\mathrm{eo}}}﹩ = 0% means no parallel heat flux. The heat flux is normalized to the free streaming limit (e.g., S. P. Gary et al. 1999) defined in Equation (A1j).
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.