Image Details
Caption: Figure 2.
Examples of post-mass-loss orbital architectures. Orbit plots of representative end states (rows: increasing Mej; top-left: the adiabatic control), each annotated with its subsequent fate from 3 Gyr integrations; instability times are measured from white dwarf formation, so t = 0 marks the end of mass loss. Visually pristine systems can carry Gyr-delayed instabilities; at fiducial Mej, crossing and swapped configurations exist already at the moment of white dwarf formation.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.