Image Details
Caption: Figure 4.
The phase ∠β2 as a function of observed impact parameter b in an equatorial monopole model viewed face-on from the south pole (θo = π). For several values of the black hole spin a* ∈ {0.1, 0.5, 0.9, 0.99}, we plot ∠β2 for models over a range of field-line angular velocities parameterized by w = ΩF/ΩH. The shaded regions show the full range of ∠β2 over 1/4 ≤ w ≤ 3/4, while the solid lines show the models with w = 1/2. Dashed lines indicate the observed ∠β2 from a flat-space monopole with w = 1/2. Solid dots at the left end of each curve show the horizon value of ∠β2 (Equation (36)) for face-on equatorial emission.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.