Image Details
Caption: Figure 4.
Initial 1D radial temperature profile for the forsterite mantle for the three thermal profiles tested (Tsurf ≈ 400, 800, 2000 K). For bodies the predicted mass of Theia and the proto-Earth, the solidus temperature is expected to range between 1400 and 2100 K depending on composition and the pressure with depth (thus, the gravity and mass). The influence of material strength, modulated by temperature and pressure, is expected to operate in the upper tens of kilometers for the Tsurf ≈ 2000 K case and the entirety of the mantle for the Tsurf ≈ 400 and 800 K cases, which remain entirely and mostly solid for a variety of compositions.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.