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A Multiwavelength View of the First Type Ic-BL Supernova with an Einstein Probe X-Ray Shock Breakout

Authors: Jillian C. Rastinejad, Gokul Srinivasaragavan, Nikhil Sarin, Tanner O'Dwyer, S. Bradley Cenko, James K. Leung, Anya E. Nugent, Daniel A. Perley, Genevieve Schroeder, Shreya Anand, Tomás Ahumada, Igor Andreoni, Aleksandra Bochenek, Alessandra Corsi, Christoffer Fremling, Anna Y. Q. Ho, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Geoffrey Mo, Anirudh Salgundi, Kendall I. Sippy, J. Sollerman, Eric C. Bellm, Tracy X. Chen, Michael W. Coughlin, Michael C. Davis, Fabio De Colle, Danielle Frostig, Christopher L. Fryer, Michael J. Graham, Xander J. Hall, K.-R. Hinds, Luca Izzo, Wynn Jacobson-Galán, Nathan P. Lourie, Keiichi Maeda, Josiah Purdum, Ben Rusholme, Avinash Singh, Robert Stein

Jillian C. Rastinejad et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1007 .

Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 5.

Constraints on models for synchrotron emission from an on-axis top-hat jet expanding into an ISM-like environment (left) and fast SN ejecta interacting with a wind-like CSM (right) from our radio upper limits. Contours show the 50%, 68%, and 90% probability regions. The radio limits constrain an on-axis jet to E_K,iso ≲ 10⁴⁹ erg for typical massive-star environments (n > 10⁻² cm⁻³) and imply low circumstellar mass loading, with fast-ejecta models favoring ﹩{\mathrm{log}}_{10}[(\dot{M}/{v}_{w})/({M}_{\odot }\,{{\rm{yr}}}^{-1}/{\rm{km}}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1})]\simeq -7.8﹩

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