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Hydrogen Airglow from an Escaping Ultrahot Jupiter Atmosphere

  • Authors: Yapeng Zhang, Chenliang Huang, Aaron Householder, James E. Owen, Fei Dai, Aurora Y. Kesseli, Andrew W. Howard, Julie Inglis, Howard Isaacson, Heather A. Knutson, Dimitri Mawet, Nicole Wallack, Jerry W. Xuan, Michael Zhang, Theron W. Carmichael, Daniel Huber, Rena A. Lee, Nicholas Saunders, Lauren M. Weiss, Jingwen Zhang

Yapeng Zhang et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1005 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 3.

Physical origin of the double-peaked Hα emission. The hot (>4500 K) lower atmosphere shows a thermal inversion and emits in Hα (orange). The extended upper atmosphere has a decreasing source function (n3/n2) and a temperature fall-off due to NLTE effects and expansion cooling, and absorbs the line core (blue). The vertical outflow wind blueshifts the absorbing layer relative to the emitting layer, producing asymmetric double peaks. Horizontal day-to-night winds advect gas away from the observer as the dayside hemisphere rotates into view, producing the progressive redshift with orbital phase.

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