Earth’s bow shock crossing observed by SolO on 2021 November 27 at 15:05:10 UT. Panels (a)–(h) show the magnetic field magnitude and components, solar wind speed, ion number density and temperature, ion differential flux measured by SWA/PAS, magnetic field trace PSD, sense of polarization, wave propagation θ(k, B₀), and polarization ellipticity, respectively. Panels (i) and (j) show slices of the observed ion VDF at 15:09:03 UT in the V_T–V_R and V_N–V_R planes, respectively; the black arrow indicates the local magnetic field direction.