V-shaped distribution of collision debris in the a–e diagram. Left: post-impact debris from L. F. A. Teodoro et al. (2023). Middle: Initial V-shaped configuration adopted in this study, defined by the apoapsis (a_col = a(1 + e)) and periapsis (a_col = a(1 − e)) constraint curves. The blue and red curves mark the conditions q = a_Roche and a_eq = a_Roche, respectively, where q = a(1 − e) is the periapsis distance and a_eq is the equivalent circular radius. Green curves indicate q = R_Sat. Right: corresponding orbital trajectories in Saturn’s equatorial plane, illustrating that particles on the two arms possess distinct angular momenta and orbital geometries, despite intersecting at the common radius a_col.