Comparison of the Kepler solvers in WHFast and WHFast512. We set G = M = a = 1 and initialize one massless particle at pericenter. We integrate for 100 orbital periods. We sample ﹩{\mathrm{log}}_{10}(dt/{t}_{{\rm{orb}}})﹩ from −3.1 to −0.1 and ﹩{\mathrm{log}}_{10}(1-e)﹩ from 0 to −8. The two left columns show the absolute relative energy error at the final time, and the two right columns show its sign.